Spring Boot 多个数据源

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Spring Boot 多个数据源

我对spring boot相当新,我想为我的项目创建多个数据源。

这是我的当前情况。我有两个用于多个数据库的实体包。比方说

com.test.entity.db.mysql ; for entities that belong to MySql
com.test.entity.db.h2 ; for entities that belong to H2 Databases

所以,我目前有两个实体类

UserMySql.java

@Entity
@Table(name="usermysql")
public class UserMysql{
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    public int id;
    public String name;
}

UserH2.java

@Entity
@Table(name="userh2")
public class Userh2 {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    public int id;
    public String name;
}

我想要实现一个配置,如果我从UserMySql创建用户,它将保存到MySql数据库,如果我从Userh2创建用户,它将保存到H2数据库。所以,我还有两个DBConfig,假设是MySqlDbConfig和H2DbConfig。

(com.test.model是我将放置我的Repositories类的包。它将在下面定义)

MySqlDbConfig.java

@Configuration
@EnableJpaRepositories(
    basePackages="com.test.model",
    entityManagerFactoryRef = "mysqlEntityManager")
public class MySqlDBConfig {
@Bean
@Primary
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="datasource.test.mysql")
public DataSource mysqlDataSource(){
    return DataSourceBuilder
            .create()
            .build();
}
@Bean(name="mysqlEntityManager")
public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean mySqlEntityManagerFactory(
        EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder){       
    return builder.dataSource(mysqlDataSource())                
            .packages("com.test.entity.db.mysql")
            .build();
}   
}

H2DbConfig.java

@Configuration
@EnableJpaRepositories(
    entityManagerFactoryRef = "h2EntityManager")
public class H2DbConfig {
@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="datasource.test.h2")
public DataSource h2DataSource(){
    return DataSourceBuilder
            .create()
            .driverClassName("org.h2.Driver")
            .build();
}
@Bean(name="h2EntityManager")
public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean h2EntityManagerFactory(
        EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder){
    return builder.dataSource(h2DataSource())
            .packages("com.test.entity.db.h2")
            .build();
}
}

我application.properties文件

#DataSource settings for mysql
datasource.test.mysql.jdbcUrl = jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test
datasource.test.mysql.username = root
datasource.test.mysql.password = root
datasource.test.mysql.driverClassName = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
#DataSource settings for H2
datasource.test.h2.jdbcUrl = jdbc:h2:~/test
datasource.test.h2.username = sa
# DataSource settings: set here configurations for the database connection
spring.datasource.url = jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test
spring.datasource.username = root
spring.datasource.password = root
spring.datasource.driverClassName = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.validation-query=SELECT 1
# Specify the DBMS
spring.jpa.database = MYSQL
# Show or not log for each sql query
spring.jpa.show-sql = true
# Hibernate settings are prefixed with spring.jpa.hibernate.*
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto = update
spring.jpa.hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect
spring.jpa.hibernate.naming_strategy = org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy
spring.jpa.hibernate.show_sql = true
spring.jpa.hibernate.format_sql = true
server.port=8080
endpoints.shutdown.enabled=false

然后用UserMySqlDao和UserH2Dao进行crud操作

UserMySqlDao.java

@Transactional 
@Repository
public interface UserMysqlDao extends CrudRepository<UserMysql, Integer>{
    public UserMysql findByName(String name);
}

UserH2Dao.java

@Transactional
@Repositories
public interface UserH2Dao extends CrudRepository<Userh2, Integer>{
    public Userh2 findByName(String name);
}

最后,我有一个UserController,作为访问我的服务的端点

UserController.java

@Controller 
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserMysqlDao userMysqlDao;
@Autowired
private UserH2Dao userH2Dao;
@RequestMapping("/createM")
@ResponseBody
public String createUserMySql(String name){
    UserMysql user = new UserMysql();
    try{            
        user.name = name;
        userMysqlDao.save(user);
        return "Success creating user with Id: "+user.id;
    }catch(Exception ex){
        return "Error creating the user: " + ex.toString();
    }
}
@RequestMapping("/createH")
@ResponseBody
public String createUserH2(String name){
    Userh2 user = new Userh2();
    try{
        user.name = name;
        userH2Dao.save(user);
        return "Success creating user with Id: "+user.id;
    }catch(Exception ex){
        return "Error creating the user: " + ex.toString();
    }
}   
}

Application.java

@Configuration
@EnableAutoConfiguration(exclude={DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class})
@EntityScan(basePackages="com.test.entity.db")
@ComponentScan
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
    System.out.println("Entering spring boot");
    ApplicationContext ctx = SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    System.out.println("Let's inspect the beans provided by Spring Boot:");
    String[] beanNames = ctx.getBeanDefinitionNames();
    Arrays.sort(beanNames);
    for (String beanName : beanNames) {
        System.out.print(beanName);
        System.out.print(" ");
    }
    System.out.println("");
}
}

通过这种配置我的Spring Boot正常运行,但是当我访问时

http://localhost/user/createM?name=myname it writes an exception
Error creating the user: org.springframework.dao.InvalidDataAccessResourceUsageException:   could not execute statement; SQL [n/a]; nested exception is org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: could not execute statement

我已经在Google上搜索一圈,但是还没有找到解决方案。为什么会出现这个异常?而且这是实现上述情况的多个数据源的最佳方法吗?如果需要,我可以完全重构。

谢谢

admin 更改状态以发布 2023年5月21日
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几天前我遇到了同样的问题,我按照下面提到的链接去尝试,并成功地解决了问题。

http://www.baeldung.com/spring-data-jpa-multiple-databases

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我认为这些内容对你会很有用。

http://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/htmlsingle/#howto-two-datasources

它展示了如何定义多个数据源并将其中一个分配为主数据源。

这里有一个相当完整的例子,同时包含分布式事务 - 假如你需要的话。

http://fabiomaffioletti.me/blog/2014/04/15/distributed-transactions-multiple-databases-spring-boot-spring-data-jpa-atomikos/

你需要创建2个配置类,把模型/存储库包等分开,以使配置变得容易。

此外,在上面的例子中,它手动创建了数据源。你可以使用Spring文档中的方法来避免这种情况,使用@ConfigurationProperties注释。这里有一个例子:

http://xantorohara.blogspot.com.tr/2013/11/spring-boot-jdbc-with-multiple.html

希望这些能帮到你。

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